PERIPHERAL INTERFACE CONTROLLER.(PIC).

the micro-controller played  very important  role in embedded after the  invention of 8051 .there is  another  controller from atmel is avr controller .the steady development in this field gave  sufficient and  reliable and  speedy operation .the AVR and PIC ,ARM  are the prime example thus this  controller os provide latest communication protocol like  USB ,I2C, SPI, ETHERNET, CAN etc

HISTORY:-

 The PIC micro controller's   founder  is  general instrument in 1975.during the testing of  16 bit CPU CP1600 by the microelectronics division of general instrument , PIC was developed . although the CPU CP1600 was a good but having low performance . in 1985 the division of microelectronics  in general instrument is converted  MICRO ELECTRONICS  TECHNOLOGY 

PIC MICRO CONTROLLER:-

Motorola PIC controller

this 8 bit controller divide  into four category  as listed below :-

• Base line pic 
• Mid range pic
• Enhanced mid-range pic 
• PIC18

This PIC based on the  RISC  architecture .RISC stand for  reduced instruction set computing  hence  in this article the instruction set reduced with increase  the execution speed of system

 

PIC microcontrollers follow Harvard architecture for internal data transfer. In Harvard architecture there are two separate memories for program and data. These two memories are accessed through different buses for data communication between memories and CPU core. This architecture improves the speed of system over Von Neumann architecture in which program and data are fetched from the same memory using the same bus. PIC18 series controllers are based on 16-bit instruction set. 

ARCHITECTURE:-